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专升本英语语法之——倒装句
倒装句，英语重要句型结构之一。主要特征就是颠倒主谓顺序，如下列句子：
陈述语序：主语+谓语 e.g.The bus comes here.
倒装语序：谓语+主语 e.g. Here comes the bus.
功能：起强调作用
例如：He swears that never will he give up to the difficulty.他发誓绝不会像困难屈服。(强调“never绝不”)
形式结构
全部倒装：全部谓语+主语
部分倒装：部分谓语+主语+谓语剩余部分 (be/V助/V情+主+谓语另一半)
三种类型倒装句的句首特殊词全倒装特殊词/半倒装特殊词/形式倒装
全倒装特殊词
1.表时间、地点、方位的副词及介词
here/there/in/out/away/now/then/up/downe.g. There stands a tall tree. 这儿有一棵很高大的树。
2.表地点的介词短语in the room/on the road/under the treee.g. Under the tree lies a boy. 树下躺着一个男孩。
*注意1.there be 句型there be .../there exist... /there stand .../there flow.../there lie.../there grow...e.g. There lies a boy. 这儿躺着一个男孩。
2.人称代词不全倒e.g. Here you are. 给你。
半特殊倒装词
“四否”1.否定副词或介词短语否定副词：no/not/few/little/seldom/never/hardly/scarecely/no sooner介词短语：绝不=in no way=by means=on no occasion=on no account=at no time=under no circumstances
2.Not until ... 直到...才...e.g. Not until midnight did I fall asleep.我直到凌晨才睡着。e.g. I didn't know it until he told me the truth.直到他告诉我，我才知道真相。e.g. Not until he told me the truth did I know it.直到他告诉我，我才知道真相。
3.Not only...(but also...)不仅...(而且)e.g. Not only does he speak English well, but also he speaks French well. 他不仅英语说得好，法语也说得很好。
4.一...就...(句型)Hardly had + 主+done when +主+didScarcely had + 主+done when +主+didNo sooner had + 主+done when +主+did
“两 so”1. so + adj. +be/助/情+主语+其它2.对上文一致的回答：也......肯定一致回答：so+be/助/情+主语e.g. Tom is good at French, so is his brother. 汤姆擅长法语，他哥哥也是。
否定一致回答：neither/nor+be/助/情/主语e.g. I don't know what happened to him, nor do I care. 我不知道他怎么了，我也不在乎。
*注：so +主+be/助/情(的确如此)上文出现两种情况时的一致回答：so it is/was with...
Only+状语e.g. Only in this way can you lose weight.只有这样你才能减下肥。
虚拟倒装在非真实条件句中，省略if并提前“should/had/were”
形式倒装
as表“虽然”1.n./adj./adv.+as+主+谓注意：n.前省略冠词e.g.Rich as he is, he does not feel happy. 他很富有，但他并不快乐。
2. v.+as+主+V助/V情