完形填空
Americans suffer from an overdoes of work. Regardless 1 who they are or
what they do, Americans spend 2 time at work than at any time since World War
II.
In 1950, the US had fewer working hours 3 any industrialized country.
Today, it exceeds every country 4 Japan, where industrial employees log 2,155
hours a year compared 5 1,951 in the US and 1,603 in the 6 West Germany.
Between 1969 and 1989,employed Americans 7 an average of 138 hours to their yearly work schedules. The workweek 8 at about 40 hours, but people are working more weeks each year. 9 , paid time off---- holidays, vacations, sick leave---shrank 10 15 percent in the 1990s.
As corporations have 11 . stiffer competition and slower growth in productivity, they have pressed employees to work longer. Cost-cutting lay-offs in the 1990s 12 the professional and managerial runs, 13 fewer people to get the job done.In lower-paid occupations, 14 wages have been reduced, workers have added hours 15 overtime or extra jobs to 16 their living standard. The Government estimates that more than seven million people hold a second job.
For the first time, large 17 of people say they want to cut 18 on working hours, even if it means earning less money. 19 most employers are unwilling to let them do so. The Government ,which has stepped back from its traditional 20 as a regulator of work time, should take steps to make shorter hours possible.
1.A. of B.with C.for D.by
2.A. less B.same C.more D.much
3.A. to B.like C.than D.among
4.A. and B.but C.as D.or
5.A. for B.with C.in D.at
6.A. past B.late C.earlier D.former
7.A.added B.increased C.brought D.totaled
8.A. stood B.stopped C.remained D.set
9.A.However B.Nevertheless C.Therefore D.Moreover
10.A.by B.at C.with D.below
11.A.suffered B.experienced C.undertaken D.endured
12.A.shortened B.reduced C.lessened D.relieved
13.A.leaving B.left C.leave D.to leave
14.A.when B.where C.while D.though
15.A.by B.for C.to D.in
16.A.preserve B.conserve C.improve D.protect
17.A.numbers B.amounts C.figures D.quantitie
18.A.off B.out C.in D.back
19.A.For B.And C.But D.Furthermore
20.A.rule B.function C.task D.role
答案解析
1.A
【考点】 固定搭配题
【解析】 A,此空为词汇固定搭配,regardless of意为“不管”。
2.C
【考点】语法题
【解析】 C,此题为语法比较级。根据句意:二战以来美国人花在工作上的时间比以往任何时候都多。句中有比较级标志词than,故选C。
3.C
【考点】语法题
【解析】 C,句中有比较级fewer,故选than。
4. B
【考点】词义辨析题
【解析】B,根据句意:如今,美国的工作时间超过了除日本外的所有国家。But在句中意为“除了”。其他三项都不符合句意。
5.B
【考点】固定搭配题
【解析】B,compare with为固定搭配,意为......相比”。
6. D
【考点】词义辨析
【解析】D,former上一个的,前者的。past 过去的;late 晚 ;earlier更早的。Former West Germany前西德。
7. A
【考点】固定搭配题
【解析】A,add to为固定搭配,意为“把......加到......上”。
8.C
【考点】词义辨析题
【解析】C,根据句意: 每周的工作时间仍然是40多个小时,但是人们每年工作周数更多了。Remain仍然是;stand 站立; stop 停止;set 设置。
9. D
【考点】逻辑关系题
【解析】D,根据本段句意: 在1969-1989年之间,美国工人每年的平均工作时间增加了138个小时。每周工作时间仍然是40多个小时,但人们会增加每年的工作周数。此外,带薪休假,病假也缩减了15%。由此可选Moreover,此外,而且。
10.A
【考点】固定搭配题
【解析】A, shrink by为固定搭配,“缩减”。
11. B
【考点】词义辨析题
【解析】B, suffer 遭受;experience 经历; undertake 承担,从事;endure 忍耐,忍受。根据句意:由于企业经历了更加激烈的竞争和生产力上较慢的增长,他们迫使工人延长工作时间。
12. B
【考点】词义辨析题
【解析】B, shorten 缩短;reduce 减少;lessen 使减少,使变少;relieve 解除,减轻。根据句意:削减成本的裁员减少了工作和管理层的员工人数。
13. A
【考点】语法题
【解析】A,此题考查非谓语动词。根据上文得知,句中已有谓语动词,空处需填非谓语动词。因为leave在句中表主动关系,所以选leaving。
14. B
【考点】语法题
【解析】B,此题 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为occupation职业,表地点,故选关系词where。
15. D
【考点】词汇题
【解析】D,此题考查介词搭配,在工作中,job 常与in搭配。
16. A
【考点】词义辨析
【解析】 A, preserve维持,保持;conserve 保存,保藏;improve 提高,改善。protect 保护。根据句意,选A。
17.A
【考点】固定搭配题
【解析】 A, large number of大量的;后接复数名词。
18.D
【考点】固定搭配题
【解析】D, cut back 削减,减少;cut off 切除,切断;cut out 停止, 裁剪;cut in插嘴,干预。
19. C
【考点】逻辑关系题
【解析】C,根据句意: 员工想要减少工作时间,但是老板不想让他们这样做。表示转折关系,故选but。
20.D
【考点】词义辨析题
【解析】D,根据句意:政府已经退出作为工作时间管理者的角色,rule统治,规则;function功能;task 任务;role 角色。